Cuneiform

In human anatomy, the cuneiform bones are three different bones located between the navicular bone and the first, second and third metatarsal bones and are medial to the cuboid bone. These are: the first or medial cuneiform the second or intermediate cuneiform (also known as the middle cuneiform) the third or lateral cuneiform They are partly responsible for the arch configuration of the foot, connecting the interior metatarsus bones to the navicular and cuboid bones. Medial Cuneiform Bone The medial cuneiform (also known as first cuneiform) is the largest of the cuneiforms. It is situated at the medial side of the foot, anterior to the navicular bone and posterior to the base of the first metatarsal. Lateral to is the intermediate cuneiform. It articulates with four bones: the navicular, second cuneiform, and first and second metatarsals. The tibialis anterior and fibularis longus muscle inserts at the medial cuneiform bone. Intermediate Cuneiform Bone The intermediate cuneiform (second cuneiform or middle cuneiform) is shaped like a wedge, the thin end pointing downwards. The intermediate cuneiform is situated between the other two cuneiform bones (the medial and lateral cuneiforms), and articulates with the navicular posteriorly, the second metatarsal anteriorly and with the other cuneiforms on either side. Lateral Cuneiform Bone The lateral cuneiform (also known as third cuneiform or external cuneiform) intermediate in size between the other two cuneiform bones, is also wedge-shaped, the base being uppermost. It occupies the center of the front row of the tarsal bones, between the intermediate cuneiform medially, the cuboid laterally, the navicular posteriorly and the third metatarsal in front. The tibialis posterior inserts at the lateral cuneiform, while the flexor hallucis brevis originates from it.

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